I. Safety Breakthrough at the material Level
The nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM) formula for ternary
lithium batteries is undergoing a "transformation" : The 811 high-nickel system, by doping aluminum, raises the initial temperature of thermal runaway from 180 ° C to 210 ° C. The 523 medium-nickel system adopts a core-shell structure design, which reduces the decomposition rate of the electrolyte by 40%. Just like putting on a nano-scale fireproof suit for batteries, the smoke rate of the needle-puncture test of mass-produced batteries in 2023 decreased by 60% compared with that in 2021.
Ii. The Intelligent Revolution of Monitoring Systems
The new generation of BMS battery management system is like a 24-hour on-duty "battery doctor" :
The voltage sampling accuracy has been improved from ±20mV to ±5mV
The density of temperature monitoring points has increased threefold
Abnormal fever can be predicted 15 minutes in advance
In combination with the design of ceramic diaphragms and pressure relief valves, the probability of fire in extreme cases has been reduced to one eighth of that of the previous year.
Iii. Outlook on Future Technological Routes
Solid electrolytes are regarded as a safe and ideal solution. Currently, semi-solid batteries have achieved non-flammability at 300℃. Self-healing coating technology can automatically ‘heal‘ damage in the event of a micro-short circuit. The bionic heat dissipation structure draws on the honeycomb design, increasing the heat dissipation efficiency by 70%. These technologies will be gradually implemented in the next 2 to 3 years, taking the safety of electric vehicles to a new level.
